The palisade vessels are tiny capillaries (or veins) located in the distal submucosa of the esophagus and are quite important to distinguish esophagus from stomach. Whereas in most countries endoscopists use the beginning of the proximal gastric folds to determine the location of the gastopesophageal junction, in Japan and other astern countries, but also many Western experts, use the palisade vessels as a marker of the GEJ. I first learned about the palisade veins about 10 years after finishing my gastroenterology training. The gastroesophageal junction is such an interesting transition zone, which continues to surpise us. Although the palisade veins are mostly known to be helpful for defining the GEJ, there are additional pathophysiological aspects that make this vessels quite important. Let’s ask Prof. Roy Soetikno explain us another pearl about the palisade vessels