Pedicle Screw Placement With Augmented Reality Versus… : Spine
sus AR. Summary of Background Data. RAN and AR have demonstrated superior accuracy in lumbar pedicle screw placement compared with conventional free-hand techniques. RAN and AR techniques both tout-specific advantages over their counterparts, but to date, no study has directly compared the two technologies regarding pedicle screw accuracy. Patients and Methods. Patients who underwent RAN or head-mounted AR navigated lumbosacral (L1–S1) pedicle screw placement for degenerative conditions were included. Screw accuracy was assessed by two independent reviewers on intraoperative 3D fluoroscopic scans using the Gertzbein and Robbins scale. A generalized linear mixed model was applied to evaluate the relationship between the screw placement technique and accuracy. Results. Two hundred and twelve patients undergoing lumbosacral instrumentation with a total of 1211 pedicle screws placed using RAN (n=108; screws=827) or AR (n=104; screws=384). Overall, grade A was achieved in 92.6% of screws. N
